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US Navy - Aircraft Carrier CV 21 / CVA 21 / CVS 21, LPH 4 - USS Boxer |
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Type, class: Aircraft Carrier, Essex class (long
hull) Builder: Newport News Shipbuilding, Newport News, Virginia, USA STATUS: Awarded: December 15, 1941 Laid down: September 13, 1943 Launched: December 14, 1944 Commissioned: April 16, 1945 reclassified CVA 21 on October 1, 1952 reclassified CVS 21 on November 15, 1955 reclassified LPH 4 on January 30, 1959 Decommissioned: December 1, 1969 Fate: sold for scrap in February 1971 / finally scrapped at Kearny, New Jersey Namesake: HMS Boxer (1812) Ships Motto: ? Technical Data: see: INFO > Essex class Aircraft Carrier - CV |
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Deployments - Carrier Air Groups/Wings embarked: January 1949 - February 1949 with Carrier Air Group 19 (CVG-19) - Northern Pacific January 1950 - June 1950 with Carrier Air Group 19 (CVG-19) - Pacific Ocean August 1950 - November 1950 with Carrier Air Group 2 (CVG-2) - Pacific Ocean / Korean War March 1951 - October 1951 Carrier Air Group 101 (CVG-101) - Pacific Ocean / Korean War February 1952 - September 1952 with Carrier Air Group 2 (CVG-2) - Pacific Ocean / Korean War March 1953 - November 1953 with Air Task Group 1 (ATG-1) - Pacific Ocean / Korean War March 1954 - October 1954 with Carrier Air Group 12 (CVG-12) - Pacific Ocean June 1955 - February 1956 with Carrier Air Group 14 (CVG-14) - Pacific Ocean reclassified to Landing Platform, Helicopter - LPH 4 USS Boxer on January 30, 1959 |
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 awaiting decommissioning at Naval Station Norfolk, Virginia - October 1969  USS Boxer (LPH 4) - Caribbean Sea - 1968  loaded with helicopters of the 1st Cavalry Division - Mayport, Florida - August 1965  USS Boxer (LPH 4) - during Exercise Steelpike I - October 1964  USS Boxer (LPH 4) - 1960's  April 1961  USS Boxer (LPH 4) - 1950's  USS Boxer (LPH 4) - 1959  Sikorsky HUS-1 Seahorse helicopters from Marine Helicopter Transport Squadron 262 (HMR-262) lift off the flight deck of USS Boxer (LPH 4) during operations off Vieques Island, Puerto Rico, with the Tenth Provisional Marine Brigade, 8 March 1959  USS Boxer (CVS 21) - 1956  USS Boxer (CVS 21) - 1956  USS Boxer (CVS 21) - November 1955  USS Boxer (CVA 21) at San Francisco Naval Shipyard, California - February 1955  USS Boxer (CVA 21) at San Francisco Naval Shipyard, California - February 1955  USS Boxer (CVA 21) at San Francisco Naval Shipyard, California - February 1955  USS Boxer (CVA 21) at San Francisco Naval Shipyard, California - February 1955  USS Boxer (CVA 21) at San Francisco Naval Shipyard, California - February 1955  USS Boxer (CVA 21) at San Francisco Naval Shipyard, California - February 1955  USS Boxer (CVA 21) after regular overhaul - February 1955  USS Boxer (CVA 21) after regular overhaul - February 1955  USS Boxer (CVA 21) after regular overhaul - February 1955  USS Boxer (CVA 21) after regular overhaul - February 1955  USS Boxer (CVA 21) with Carrier Air Group 12 (CVG-12) embarked - 1954  USS Boxer (CVA 21) with Carrier Air Group 12 (CVG-12) embarked - off Korea - 1954  Manila Bay - October 1954  USS Boxer (CVA 21) - January 1954  USS Boxer (CVA 21) - November 1953  USS Boxer (CVA 21) - November 1953  Officers and men of USS Boxer (CVA 21) assemble on the flight deck for a memorial service in commemoration of pilots and crewmembers who gave their lives during the veteran carrier’s four tours of Korean combat duty - August 9, 1953  USS Boxer (CVA 21) with Air Task Group 1 (ATG-1) embarked - circa 1953  USS Boxer (CVA 21) with ATG-1 embarked - July 1953  USS Boxer (CVA 21) with Air Task Group 1 (ATG-1) embarked - San Francisco - 1953  USS Boxer (CVA 21) - January 1953  USS Boxer (CVA 21) - January 1953  USS Boxer (CVA 21) - January 1953  USS Boxer (CVA 21) - January 1953  USS Boxer (CV 21) with Carrier Air Group 101 (CVG-101) embarked - off Korea - September 1951  USS Boxer (CV 21) with Carrier Air Group 101 (CVG-101) embarked - off Korea - September 1951  USS Boxer (CV 21) with Carrier Air Group 101 (CVG-101) embarked - off Korea - September 1951 note the Sikorsky HO3S-1 Helicopter of HU-2 'Fleet Angels'  USS Boxer (CV 21) with Carrier Air Group 101 (CVG-101) embarked - off Korea - August 1951  1951  1951  USS Boxer (CV 21) - San Francisco Bay, California - November 1950  USS Boxer loads 146 US Air Force North American F-51D Mustang fighters aboard at Naval Air Station Alameda, California, for transportation to East Asia in July 1950. On 14-22 July, the ship carried an emergency shipment of 170 Air Force and Navy aircraft, plus personnel and equipment, to the Korean War zone in a record 8 1/2 day trans-Pacific crossing.  USS Boxer (CV 21) with Carrier Air Group 19 (CVG-19) embarked - January 1950  undated  USS Boxer (CV 21) with Carrier Air Group 19 (CVG-19) embarked - 1949-50  F9F-3 Panther (VF-52) during carrier qualifications - 1949  FJ-1 Fury (VF-5A / CVAG-5) has landed on the flight deck - March 1948  FJ-1 Fury (VF-5A / CVAG-5) on the flight deck - March 1948  FJ-1 Fury (VF-5A / CVAG-5) on the aircraft elevator - March 1948  USS Boxer (CV 21) - 1945  launching ceremony at Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company, Virginia - December 14, 1944 |
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The name Boxer comes from His Majesty’s
Brig Boxer (Captain Samuel Blyth), 14 guns, encountered and captured
by the U.S. brig Enterprise (Lieutenant William Burrows), 12 guns,
off Portland, Maine, on 5 September 1813. Enterprise, patrolling the New England coast to “protect the coasting trade to the eastward which has been so much interrupted by small cruisers of the enemy,” was searching the bay around Pemaquid Point when she discovered a brig getting underway that appeared to be a vessel of war, and immediately gave chase. Boxer, however, fired several rounds, and stood for the fight. Lieutenant Burrows, having identified the stranger’s strength and enemy character, ordered Enterprise to stand out to allow room to maneuver. Boxer gave chase, following Enterprise into open waters. At 3:00 that afternoon, Enterprise shortened sail and ran down, intending to draw in her enemy. At twenty minutes past three o’clock that afternoon with the ships within half pistol shot, both ships opened their batteries. The first broadside proved costly to both vessels: Captain Blyth fell almost immediately when a shot struck nearby. Not long after, Lieutenant Burrows fell mortally wounded by a cannon shot to the chest. The fighting raged for over an hour, with both ships exchanging volleys and suffering great damage. By 4:00 p.m., Boxer was a complete wreck, all of her braces and rigging shot away, her main topmast and topgallant mast hanging over the side, fore and main masts virtually gone, three feet of water in her hold, and no surgeon to tend to her wounded. As Enterprise maneuvered for a raking position, Lieutenant McCrery, having assumed command, conferred with his officers and decided to hail Enterprise and concede the battle. The ensigns, having been nailed to the masts by Captain Blyth, could not be hauled down. The U.S. Navy never put Boxer into service. Sold in Portland, Maine, she sailed from that port for many years as a merchantman. |
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USS Boxer (CV / CVA / CVS 21 - LPH 4): The fifth Boxer (CV 21) was launched 14 December 1944 by Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Co. Newport News, Va.; sponsored by Miss Ruth D. Overton daughter of the Senator from Louisiana and commissioned 16 April 1945, Captain D. F. Smith in command. Completed too late to take part in World War II, Boxer joined the Pacific Fleet at San Diego in August 1945. From September 1945 to 23 August 1946 she operated out of Guam as flagship of TF 77 in the western Pacific. During this tour she visited Japan, Okinawa, the Philippines and China. She returned to San Francisco 10 September 1946 and operated off the west coast engaged in normal peacetime duty until departing for the Far East 11 January 1950. After service with the 7th Fleet in the Far East during the first half of 1950, she returned to San Diego, arriving 25 June. With the outbreak of the Korean conflict she was pressed into service to carry planes to the fighting. On 23 July 1950 she completed a record crossing of the Pacific from Alameda, Calif., to Yokosuka, Japan, in 8 days, carrying 145 P-51 Mustang and six L-5 aircraft for the Air Force, 19 Navy planes, 1,012 troops and 2,000 tons of supplies. On her return trip (27 July-4 August), she cut the record to 7 days, 10 hours, and 36 minutes. After fast repairs she departed for the Far East 24 August, this time to join TF 77 in giving air support to the troops. Her planes supported the landing at Inchon (15 September 1950) and other ground action until November, when she departed for the west coast and overhaul. Boxer departed San Diego for her second Korean tour 2 March 1951. Again she operated with TF 77 supporting the ground troops. On 29 March, Carrier Air Wing 101 composed of Naval Reserve squadrons called to active duty from Dallas, Tex.; Glenview, Ill.; Memphis, Tenn.; and, Olathe, Kans. flew its first combat mission from Boxer, the first carrier strikes by Naval Reserve units against North Korean forces. She returned to San Francisco 24 October 1951. Sailing 8 February 1952 for her third tour in Korea, Boxer again served with TF 77. On 23 June, 35 AD Skyraiders and 35 F-9F2 Panther jets from Boxer, USS Princeton (CV 37) and USS Philippine Sea (CV 47), joined Air Force Thunderjets in an attack on the heavily defended hydroelectric power plant at Suiho, North Korea, the fourth largest such facility in the world. The plant was completely knocked out. The raid was part of a two-day aerial offensive against North Korea's 13 major power plants. On 5 August 1952, Boxer had nine men killed and two seriously injured in a fire which swept the hangar deck. After emergency repairs at Yokosuka, Japan (11-23 August), Boxer returned to duty off Korea. She arrived at San Francisco 25 September and underwent repairs until March 1953. The carrier departed for the Far East 30 March 1953 and went into action a month later. She took part in the final actions of the Korean conflict and remained in Asiatic waters until November. Boxer was reclassified CVA-21 on 1 October 1952 and CVS-21 on 1 February 1956. On 2 October 1958, the Commander in Chief, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, announced the formation of a new amphibious squadron, composed of Boxer and for LSDs equipped with helicopter platforms, which would provide a highly mobile unit capable of employing Marine Corps helicopters squadrons and combat troops in the fast-landing concept of vertical envelopment. The first permanent Marine Aviation Detachment afloat was activated on board Boxer on 10 November to provide supply, maintenance, and flight deck control functions necessary to support the Marine helicopter squadrons and troops. The ship was reclassified as LPH 4 on 30 January 1959. Boxer and two LSDs arrived off the coast of Hispanola on 29 August 1964 to provide medical aid and helicopter evacuation services to people in areas of Haiti and the Dominican Republic badly damaged by Hurricane Cleo. Boxer returned to the Dominican Republic on 27 April 1965, sending her Marines ashore while the embarked HMM-264 began an airlift in which over 1,000 U.S. nationals were evacuated to the naval task force off shore as a revolt in the country threatened their safety. Boxer also participated in the U.S. space program. On 26 February 1966, the first unmanned spacecraft of the Apollo series, fired into suborbital flight by a Saturn 1B rocket from Cape Kennedy, Fla., was recovered in the southeast Atlantic Ocean, 200 miles east of Ascension Island by a helicopter from the ship. Boxer was decommissioned 1 December 1969, and stricken from the Navy List. She was sold for scrapping on 13 March 1971. Boxer received eight battle stars for her service off Korea. source: US Navy - - - - - another history: The ship was one of the "long-hull" designs of the class, which had begun production after March 1943. This "long hull" variant involved lengthening the bow above the waterline into a "clipper" form. The increased rake and flare provided deck space for two quadruple 40 mm mounts; these units also had the flight deck slightly shortened forward to provide better arcs of fire. Of the Essex-class ships laid down after 1942, only Bon Homme Richard followed the original "short bow" design. The later ships have been variously referred to as the "long-bow units", the "long-hull group", or the "Ticonderoga class". However, the U.S. Navy never maintained any institutional distinction between the long-hull and short-hull members of the Essex class, and postwar refits and upgrades were applied to both groups equally. Like other "long-hull" Essex-class carriers, Boxer had a displacement of 27,100 tonnes (26,700 long tons; 29,900 short tons). She had an overall length of 888 feet (271 m), a beam of 93 feet (28 m) and a draft of 28 feet (8.5 m). The ship was powered by eight 600 psi Babcock & Wilcox boilers, and Westinghouse geared steam turbines that developed 150,000 shaft horsepower (110,000 kW) that turned four propellers. Like other Essex-class carriers, she had a maximum speed of 33 knots (61 km/h; 38 mph). The ship had a total crew complement of 3,448. Like other Essex-class ships, she could be armed with 12 5-inch (127 mm)/38 caliber guns arrayed in four pairs and four single emplacements, as well as eight quadruple Bofors 40 mm guns and 46 Oerlikon 20 mm cannons. However, unlike her sisters, Boxer was armed instead with 72 40 mm guns and 35 20 mm cannons. Her keel was laid on 13 September 1943 by the Newport News Shipbuilding Company at its facility in Newport News, Virginia. She was the fifth ship of the US Navy to be named Boxer, after HMS Boxer, which had been captured by the U.S. during the War of 1812. The last ship to bear the name had been a training ship in 1905. The new carrier was launched on 14 December 1944 and she was christened by Ruth D. Overton, the daughter of U.S. Senator John H. Overton. The ship's cost is estimated at $68,000,000 to $78,000,000. Service history: Boxer was commissioned on 16 April 1945 under the command of Captain D. F. Smith. She subsequently began sea trials and a shakedown cruise. Before these were complete, the Empire of Japan surrendered on V-J Day, marking the end of World War II before Boxer could participate. She joined the Pacific Fleet at San Diego in August 1945 and the next month she steamed for Guam, becoming the flagship of Task Force 77, a position she held until 23 August 1946. During this tour, she visited Japan, Okinawa, the Philippines, and China. She returned to San Francisco on 10 September 1946, embarked Carrier Air Group 19 flying the Grumman F8F Bearcat fighter. With this complement, Boxer began a series of peacetime patrols and training missions off the coast of California during a relatively uneventful period during 1947. In spite of manning difficulties brought on by the demobilization of the US military after World War II, Boxer remained active in Pacific readiness drills around the West Coast and Hawaii. In 1948, she conducted a number of short cruises with US Navy Reserve personnel. On 10 March 1948, a North American FJ-1 Fury launched from Boxer, the first such launch of an all-jet aircraft from an American carrier, which allowed subsequent tests of jet aircraft carrier doctrine. For the remainder of 1948 and 1949, she participated in numerous battle drills and acted as a training carrier for jet aircraft pilots. She was dispatched to the Far East on another tour on 11 January 1950. She joined the 7th Fleet in the region, making a goodwill visit to South Korea and entertaining South Korean president Syngman Rhee and his wife Franziska Donner. and at the end of the tour returned to San Diego on 25 June 1950, the same day as the outbreak of the Korean War. At the time, she was overdue for a maintenance overhaul, but she did not have time to complete it before being dispatched again. Korean War: With the outbreak of the Korean War, the U.S. forces in the Far East had an urgent need for supplies and aircraft. The only aircraft carriers near Korea were USS Valley Forge and HMS Triumph. Boxer was ordered into service to ferry aircraft from California to the fighting on the Korean Peninsula. She made a record-breaking crossing of the Pacific Ocean, leaving Alameda, California on 14 July 1950 and arriving at Yokosuka, Japan on 23 July, a trip of 8 days and 7 hours. She carried one hundred forty-five North American P-51 Mustangs and six Stinson L-5 Sentinels of the United States Air Force destined for the Far East Air Force as well as 19 Navy aircraft, 1,012 Air Force support personnel, and 2,000 tonnes (2,000 long tons; 2,200 short tons) of supplies for the United Nations troops fighting the North Korean invasion of South Korea, including crucially needed spare parts and ordnance. Much of this equipment had been taken from Air National Guard units in the United States because of a general shortage of materiel. She began her return trip from Yokosuka on 27 July and arrived back in California on 4 August, for a trip of 7 days, 10 hours and 36 minutes, again breaking the record for a trans-Pacific cruise. She carried no jet aircraft, though, because they were deemed too fuel inefficient for the initial defense mission in Korea. By the time Boxer arrived in Korea, the UN forces had established superiority in the air and sea. After rapid repairs in California, Boxer embarked Carrier Air Group 2, flying the Vought F4U Corsair propeller driven fighter-bomber, and departed again for Korea on 24 August, this time in a combat role. She had 110 aircraft aboard, intended to complement the hundreds of aircraft already operating in Korea. En route to the peninsula, the carrier narrowly avoided Typhoon Kezia which slowed her trip. She was the fourth aircraft carrier to arrive in Korea to participate in the war, after Triumph and Valley Forge had arrived in June and USS Philippine Sea followed in early August. She arrived too late to participate in the Battle of Pusan Perimeter, but instead she was ordered to join a flotilla of 230 US ships which would participate in Operation Chromite, the UN counterattack at Inchon. On 15 September, she supported the landings by sending her aircraft in a close air support role, blocking North Korean reinforcements and communication to prevent them from countering the attack. However, early in the operation, her propulsion system was damaged when a reduction gear in the ship's engine broke, a casualty of her overdue maintenance. The ship's engineers worked around the problem to keep the carrier in operation, but she was limited to 26 knots. She continued this role as the UN troops recaptured Seoul days later. Boxer continued this support as UN troops advanced north and into North Korea, but departed for the United States on 11 November for refit and overhaul. US military commanders believed the war in Korea was over, and had ordered a number of other carriers out of the area and were subsequently under-prepared at the beginning of the Chosin Reservoir Campaign when the Chinese People's Liberation Army entered the war against the UN. Battlefield commanders requested Boxer return to Korea as soon as possible, but she did not immediately return as commanders feared it might reduce the Navy's ability to respond if another conflict or emergency broke out elsewhere. Boxer's propulsion problems required extensive repair so she returned to San Diego to conduct them. Upon arrival, she offloaded Air Group 2, which then embarked for Korea again aboard Valley Forge. After a repair and refit in California, Boxer was prepared for a second tour in Korea. She embarked Carrier Air Group 101. The group was composed of Navy Reserve squadrons from Dallas, Texas, Glenview, Illinois, Memphis, Tennessee and Olathe, Kansas, and most of its pilots were reservists who had been called to active duty. She rejoined Task Force 77, and began operations in Korea on 29 March 1951, and her squadrons were the first Naval Reserve pilots to launch strikes in Korea. Most of these missions were airstrikes against Chinese ground forces along the 38th parallel, and this duty lasted until 24 October 1951. During this time, the carrier operated around "Point Oboe", an area 125 miles (201 km) off the coast of Wonsan. They would withdraw another 50 miles (80 km) east when they needed replenishment or refueling. A large destroyer screen protected the carriers, though MiG-15 attacks against them did not occur. After another period of rest and refits, Boxer departed California 8 February 1952 for her third tour in Korea, with Carrier Air Group 2 embarked, consisting of F9F in VF-24, F4U in VF 63 and VF-64, and AD in VF-65. Rejoining Task Force 77, her missions during this tour consisted primarily of strategic bombing against targets in North Korea, as the front lines in the war had largely solidified along the 38th Parallel. On 23 and 24 June, her planes conducted strikes against the Sui-ho hydro-electric complex in conjunction with Princeton, Bon Homme Richard and Philippine Sea. On 5 August 1952, a fire broke out on the hangar deck of Boxer at 05:30 when a fuel tank of an aircraft caught fire while the ship was conducting combat operations in the Sea of Japan. The fire raged on the carrier's hangar deck for 4-5 hours before being extinguished. The final total of casualties was 8 dead, 1 missing, 1 critically injured, 1 seriously burned and some 70 overcome by smoke. Of the 63 who had gone over the side, all were rescued and returned to the ship. Eighteen aircraft, mostly Grumman F9F-2 Panthers, were damaged or destroyed. She steamed for Yokosuka for emergency repairs from 11 to 23 August. She returned to the Korean theatre, and from 28 August to 2 September she tested a new weapons system, with six radio guided Grumman F6F Hellcats loaded with 1,000-pound (450 kg) bombs guided to targets, resulting in two hits and one near miss. They are considered to be the first guided missiles to be launched from a carrier in combat. On 1 September her aircraft also took part in a large bombing mission of an oil refinery near Aoji, on the Manchurian border. She returned to San Francisco for more extensive repairs on 25 September. In October 1952, she was re-designated CVA-21, denoting an "attack aircraft carrier." Following extensive repairs, she steamed for Korea again on 30 March 1953, and resumed operations a month later with her Corsairs embarked. Her missions around this time were generally strategic bombing missions, however the effectiveness of these final missions were mixed, with some failing to achieve strategic results. She also provided close air support for UN troops for the final weeks of the war before an armistice was reached at Panmunjom in July 1953, ending major combat operations in Korea. During this time, the two sides often conducted costly attacks in order to strengthen their bargaining positions at the negotiating table. Boxer remained in Korean waters until November 1953. She received eight battle stars for her service in Korea. In 1951 she appears in the film Submarine Command, with William Bendix and William Holden, then carrying a complement of helicopters. Post-Korea: Following the Korean War, Boxer returned to the United States. She conducted a tour of the Pacific throughout 1954 which was relatively uneventful, followed by a rest in the United States and another tour in the Pacific in late 1955 and early 1956, which was similarly uneventful. She was converted to an anti-submarine warfare carrier in early 1956, re-designated CVS-21. She completed another tour of the western Pacific in late 1956 and early 1957, which was her tenth and final deployment to the area. In late 1957, the navy began experimenting with the concept of a carrier operating entirely with attack helicopters, and Boxer was used to test the concept. In 1958, Boxer was the flagship during Operation Hardtack, a series of nuclear weapons tests in the central Pacific. Later that year, she was transferred to the Atlantic Fleet, and became part of a new amphibious assault squadron with four Landing Ship Tank vessels equipped with helicopter platforms. The experimental concept would allow for rapid deployment of US Marine Corps personnel and helicopter squadrons. For the remainder of 1958 elements of this force were organized aboard Boxer and she was reclassified LPH-4, denoting a "Landing Platform Helicopter", on 30 January 1959. For the next 10 years, Boxer operated mainly out of the Caribbean as an amphibious assault carrier. During this duty, she was on station during the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis. In 1964, she undertook her first tour to the Mediterranean when she took part in Operation Steel Pike, the largest amphibious exercise in history. With two LSD ships, Boxer was dispatched to Hispaniola on 29 August 1964 on a humanitarian mission to aid Haiti and the Dominican Republic whose infrastructure had been damaged by Hurricane Cleo. The ships provided medical aid and helped to evacuate civilians displaced by the storm. On 27 April 1965 Boxer returned to the Dominican Republic with Helicopter Squadron 264 and a complement of Marines. They evacuated about 1,000 US nationals from the country in the wake of a revolution in the country. It was a part of Operation Powerpack which would eventually see the US occupation of that country. Later in 1965, she was used as a transport vessel for the Vietnam War. The carrier transported 200 helicopters of the US Army's 1st Cavalry Division to South Vietnam. She made a second trip to Vietnam in early 1966 when she transported Marine Corps aircraft to South Vietnam. However, she did not participate in combat operations during that war. On 26 February 1966, Boxer recovered AS-201, an unmanned test flight of the Apollo program which had launched from Cape Kennedy, Florida aboard a Saturn 1B rocket. The capsule had landed 200 miles (320 km) east of Ascension Island and one of Boxer's helicopters picked it up. From 16-17 March 1966, Boxer was the designated Atlantic prime recovery ship for Gemini 8, although USS Leonard F. Mason recovered the spacecraft and two crewmen after it encountered problems. She was decommissioned on 1 December 1969 after 25 years of service, and she was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register. She was sold for scrap on 13 March 1971 and finally scrapped at Kearny, New Jersey. source: wikipedia |
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